Vaginal birth is the safest choice for a baby’s delivery. There are certain indications in which case labour is induced, otherwise a patient is allowed to go into spontaneous labour. Augmentation of labour may be done sometimes. Epidural analgesia can be used for painless labour.
Certain absolute indications of caesarean section are placenta praevia, placenta accreta, fetal distress, transverse lie, cord prolapse. Mostly caesarean section Is done under spinal anaesthesia.
Instruments like Ventouse/Vacuum or Forceps are used when patient is given a trial for vaginal delivery but the mother gets exhausted,or the baby is in distress or the baby’s head gets stuck or the mother has some medical condition which is not conducive for pushing the baby
Also known as water immersion or hydrotherapy, it is a process where the mother gives birth in a birthing pool or tub filled with warm water. The water provides buoyancy, relaxation, and pain relief, allowing the mother to move freely and comfortably during labor and delivery.
Includes gestational diabetes mellitus, hypertension in pregnancy, multiple gestation (twins, triplets, quadruplets), previous uterine surgery, placenta accreta, preterm labour, cervical insufficiency, etc where the patient needs frequent antenatal visits and proper care and guidance throughout the period of pregnancy
Also known as bad obstetric history, Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is defined as two or more consecutive miscarriages or pregnancy losses before 20 weeks of gestation. It affects approximately 1-2% of couples trying to conceive. It requires some thorough investigations and proper antenatal care during pregnancy.
It refers to vaginal delivery after a previous caesarean section. This is absolutely possible in a patient with previous 1 or 2 caesarean scars but under proper monitoring throughout the period of labour
Ectopic pregnancy means the pregnancy which occurs outside the uterus, mostly in fallopian tube, but may also be in ovaries, cervix or abdomen. It can be managed medically or surgically (laparoscopically)
Medical care and support is absolutely necessary for people who undergo termination of pregnancy either due to some medical reasons or because they are not prepared to handle this new responsibility of parenthood. Both medical method and surgical method (Suction and evacuation) may be used for MTP